A novel “lobster eye” telescope aboard a small Chinese satellite has delivered its first images, paving the way for more complex future missions using its technology.
The Lobster Eye Imager for Astronomy (LEIA) is in orbit aboard the SATech-01 satellite, which launched in July. Early results from the instrument have now been published based on LEIA’s first images, which focus on the galactic center region, the Scorpius X-1 binary star system and the diffuse Cygnus Loop nebula.
“These are truly wide-field X-ray images of celestial bodies observed, for the first time, by a focusing imaging telescope,” researchers wrote in the paper.
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LEIA uses 36 plates to reflect X-rays toward a common center, where they are picked up by four imaging sensors. Using this reflection technique, inspired by lobsters’ eyes, instead of human-like refraction, allows a much greater field of view.
“The results provide a solid basis for the development of the present and proposed wide-field X-ray missions using lobster eye micro-pore optics,” the authors wrote.
LEIA provides both a wide observing field of view and true imaging capability, according to the authors, promising sky monitoring with significantly improved sensitivity and spatial resolution in soft X-rays.
Getting LEIA in orbit and working was a big step in itself, because the lobster eye micro-pore optics rely on thin glass plates, just 0.08 inch (2 millimeters) thick, which are considered fragile but needed to survive the rigors of a rocket launch.
The imager is an experimental version of a module that will be used on the Einstein Probe that China is expected to launch next year.
The Einstein Probe’s Wide-field X-ray Telescope (WXT) will consist of 12 LEIA modules, giving the telescope a field of view of 3,600 square degrees. It will observe violent cosmic events in the X-ray range of the light spectrum, such as stellar explosions, or supernovas and tidal disruption events, in which a black hole pulls apart a star.
The mission is being developed by Chinese Academy of Sciences as part of its Strategic Priority Program on Space Science.
The paper has been accepted for publication by the Astrophysical Journal Letters; a version (opens in new tab) was posted to the preprint server arXiv.org on Monday (Nov. 21).
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